IMPERSONAL: saber = to know

PERSONAL INFINITIVE: (me to know) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

[a Personal Infinitive (per se) is not present in English. In English, a Personal Infinitive is usually formed with the aid of the preposition for as in "He wished (for) me to know."] (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber = "... (for) me to know."

(p) (tu) saber +es= saberes = "... (for) thou to know."

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber = "... (for) him/her/you to know."

(b) (nós) saber +mos = sabermos = "... (for) we (us) to know."

(p) (vós) saber +des = saberdes = "... (for) ye to know."

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber + em = saberem = "... (for) them to know."

PARTICIPLES -- PAST, PRESENT: (knowing, knew)

PRESENT: = saber - er = sab + endo = sabendo (knowing) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

PAST: = saber -er = sab + ido = sabido (knew) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

PRESENT INDICATIVE: (I know) (Regular in this form EXCEPT for eu)

(eu) sei = (I know)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + es = sabes = (thou know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + e = sabe = (he/she/you know)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + emos = sabemos = (we know)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + eis = sabeis = (ye know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + em = sabem = (they know)

IMPERFECT INDICATIVE: (I was knowing, I used to know) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ia = sabia = (I was knowing, I used to know)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ias = sabias = (thou was knowing, thou used to know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ia = sabia = (he/she/you was/were knowing, he/she/you used to know)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + íamos = sabíamos = (we were knowing, we used to know)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + íeis = sabíeis = (ye was knowing, ye used to know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + iam = sabiam = (they were knowing, they used to know)

PRETERIT INDICATIVE: (I knew)

(eu) soube = (I knew)

(p) (tu) soubeste = (thou knew)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) soube = (he/she/you knew)

(b) (nós) soubemos = (we knew)

(p) (vós) soubestes = (ye knew)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) souberam = (they knew)

SIMPLE PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE: (I had known)

(eu) soubera = (I had known)

(p) (tu) souberas= (thou had known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) soubera= (he/she/you had known)

(b) (nós) soubéramos= (we had known)

(p) (vós) soubéreis= (ye had known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) souberam= (they had known)

FUTURE INDICATIVE: (I will or shall know) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + erei = saberei = (I will or shall know)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + erás = saberás = (thou will or shall know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -ar= sab + erá = saberá = (he/she/you will or shall know)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + eremos = saberemos = (we will or shall know)

(p) (vós) saber - er = sab + ereis = abereis = (ye will or shall know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + erão = saberão = (they will or shall know)

COMPOUND OR PERFECT

PRESENT PERFECT INDICATIVE: (I have known/have been knowing) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to have to form the Present Perfect Indicative) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenho sabido (I have known/have been knowing to)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tens sabido (thou have known/have been knowing to)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tem sabido (he/she/you have known/have been knowing to)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = temos sabido (we have known/have been knowing)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tendes sabido (ye have known/have been knowing)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = têm sabido (they have known/have been knowing)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to have to form the Present Perfect Indicative) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hei sabido (I have known/have been knowing)

(p) (tu) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hás sabido (thou have known/have been knowing)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = há sabido (he/she/you have known/have been knowing)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havemos sabido (we have known/have been knowing)

(p) (vós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveis sabido (ye have known/have been knowing)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hão sabido (they have known/have been knowing)

Past Perfect or Pluperfect Indicative: (I had known) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to have to form the Past Perfect or Pluperfect Indicative) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tinha sabido (I had known)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tinhas sabido (thou had known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tinha sabido (he/she/you had known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tínhamos sabido (we had known)

(p) (vós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tínheis sabido (ye had known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tinham sabido (they had known)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to have to form the Past Perfect or Pluperfect Indicative) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havia sabido (I had known)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havias sabido (thou had known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havia sabido (he/she/you had known)

(b) (nós) saber - ir = sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havíamos sabido (we had known)

(p) (vós) saber -ir = sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havíeis sabido (ye had known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havíam sabido (they had known)

Future Perfect Indicative: (I will/shall have known) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to haveto form the Future Perfect Indicative) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = terei sabido (I will/shall have known)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = terás sabido (thou will/shall have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = terá sabido (he/she/you will/shall have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = teremos sabido (we will/shall have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tereis sabido (ye will/shall have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = terão sabido (they will/shall have known)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to have to form the Present Perfect Indicative) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haverei sabido (I will/shall have known)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haverás sabido (thou will/shall have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haverá sabido (he/she/you will/shall have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveremos sabido (we will, shall have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = havereis sabido (ye will/shall have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haverão sabido (they will/shall have known)

Subjunctive Mood (Simple)

Present Subjunctive: (I may know)

(eu) saiba = (I may know)

(p) (tu) saibas= (thou may know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saiba= (he/she/you may know)

(b) (nós) saibamos= (we may know)

(p) (vós) saibais= (ye may know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saibam= (they may know)

Imperfect Subjunctive: (I might know)

(eu) soubesse = (I might know)

(p) (tu) soubesses= (thou might know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) soubesse= (he/she/you might know)

(b) (nós) soubéssemos= (we might know)

(p) (vós) soubésseis= (ye might know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) soubessem= (they may know)

Future Subjunctive: NO DEFINITE FORM IN ENGLISH -- Present and Past Subjunctive and Conditional forms are employed to express Future Subjunctive (if I were to know, if I should know, if I may know, if I might know)

(eu) souber = (if I were to know, if I should know, if I may know, if I might know)

(p) (tu) souberes= (if thou were to know, if thou should know, if thou may know, if thou might know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) souber= (if he/she/you were to/should/may/might know)

(b) (nós) soubermos= (if we were to know, if we should know, if we may know, if we might know)

(p) (vós) souberdes= (if ye were to know, if ye should know, if ye may know, if ye might know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) souberem= (if they were to know, if they should know, if they may know, if they might know

Subjunctive Mood (Compound)

Present Perfect Subjunctive (I may have known) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to have to form the Present Perfect Subjunctive) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenha sabido (I may have known)

(p) (tu) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenhas sabido (thou may have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenha sabido (he/she/you may have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenhamos sabido (we may have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenhais sabido (ye may have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -ar = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tenham sabido (they may have known)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to haveto form the Present Perfect Subjunctive) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haja sabido (I may have known)

(p) (tu) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hajas sabido (thou may have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haja sabido (he/she/you may have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hajamos sabido (we may have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hajais sabido (ye may have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = hajam sabido (they may have known)

Past Perfect or Pluperfect Subjunctive (I might have known) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to have to form the Past Perfect or Pluperfect Subjunctive) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivesse sabido (I might have known)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivesses sabido (thou might have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivesse sabido (he/she/you might have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivéssemos sabido (we might have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivésseis sabido (ye might have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivessem sabido (they might have known)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to have to form the Past Perfect or Pluperfect Subjunctive) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvesse sabido (I might have known)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvesses sabido (thou might have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvesse sabido (he/she/you might have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvéssemos sabido (we might have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvésseis sabido (ye might have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -ar = sab +ado = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvessem sabido (they might have known)

Future Perfect Subjunctive NO DEFINITE FORM IN ENGLISH -- Present and Past Subjunctive and Conditional forms are employed to express Future Subjunctive (if I were to know, if I should know, if I may know, if I might know) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to have to form the Future Perfect Subjunctive) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tiver sabido (if I were to know, if I should know, if I may know, if I might know)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tiveres sabido (if thou were to know, if thou should know, if thou may know, if thou might know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tiver sabido (if he/she/you were to know/should know/may know/might know)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tivermos sabido (if we were to know, if we should know, if we may know, if we might know)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tiverdes sabido (if ye were to know, if ye should know, if ye may know, if ye might know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = tiverem sabido (if they were to know, if they should know, if they may know, if they might know)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to have to form the Future Perfect or Pluperfect Subjunctive) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houver sabido (if I were to know, if I should know, if I may know, if I might know)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houveres sabido (if thou were to know, if thou should know, if thou may know, if thou might know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houver sabido (if he/she/you were to know/should know/may know/might know)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houvermos sabido (if we were to know, if we should know, if we may know, if we might know)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houverdes sabido (if ye were to know, if ye should know, if ye may know, if ye might know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = houverem sabido (if they were to know, if they should know, if they may know, if they might know)

CONDITIONAL MOOD

(SIMPLE) (I would/should know) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + eria = saberia = (I would/should know)

(p) (tu) saber -er= sab + erias = saberias = (thou would/should know)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + eria = saberia = (he/she/you would/should know)

(b) (nós) saber +íamos = saberíamos = (we would/should know)

(p) (vós) saber + íeis = saberíeis = (ye would/should know)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber - er = sab + eriam = saberiam = (they would/should know)

(COMPOUND)

Conditional Perfect: (I would/should have known) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

Spoken Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb ter = to have to form the Compound Conditional Perfect) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = teria sabido (I would/should have known)

(p) (tu) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = terias sabido (thou would/should have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab +ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = teria sabido (he/she/you would/should have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = teríamos sabido (we would/should have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = teríeis sabido (ye would/should have known)

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb ter) = teriam sabido (they would/should have known)

Written Form: (uses a conjugation of the irregular verb haver = to haveto form the Compound Conditional Perfect) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(eu) saber - er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveria sabido (I would/should have known)

(p) (tu) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haverias sabido (thou would/should have known)

(ele, (p) êle, ela, você, o senhor, a senhora, (p) a senhorita) saber -er= sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveria sabido (he/she/you would/should have known)

(b) (nós) saber - er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveríamos sabido (we would/should have known)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveríes sabido (ye would/should have known

(eles, (p) êles, elas, vocês, os senhores, as senhoras (p) as senhoritas) saber -er = sab + ido = sabido + (conjugation of the verb haver) = haveriam sabido (they would/should have known)

IMPERATIVE MOOD (know thou, know ye, know) (Regular in this form for verbs ending in -er)

(p) (tu) saber - er = sab +e = sabe = (know thou)

(p) (vós) saber -er = sab +ei = sabei = (know ye)

(b) (você) saiba você = (know)